My basketMinor & Light Metals / Gallium: Global Industry Markets and Outlook, 8th Edition 2011
Contents
- 1. Summary
- 2. Introduction to gallium
- 3. Gallium production
- 4. Notes on producing countries
- 5. Gallium demand
- 6. Gallium in electronic devices
- 7. Principal manufacturers and processors of gallium arsenide substrates
- 8. Principal markets for GaAs substrates
- 9. Gallium nitride
- 10. Gallium antimonide
- 11. Gallium phosphide
- 12. Other competitive substrates
- 13. Other applications for gallium
- 14. Gallium prices and price trends
Gallium: Global Industry Markets and Outlook, 8th Edition 2011
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Chapters Listing
| Num | Title | Pages |
| 1 | Summary | 2 |
| 2 | Introduction to gallium | 8 |
| 2.1 | Chemical and physical properties of gallium | |
| 2.2 | Gallium sources and resources | |
| 2.2.1 | Occurrence of gallium | |
| 2.2.2 | Commercial sources of primary gallium | |
| 2.2.3 | Gallium recovery and resources | |
| 2.2.3.1 | Recovery as a by-product of aluminium | |
| 2.2.3.2 | Recovery as a by-product of zinc | |
| 2.2.3.3 | Recovery as a main product | |
| 2.2.3.4 | Recovery from scrap (secondary recovery) | |
| 2.2.3.5 | Refining and purification of recovered gallium | |
| 3 | Gallium production | 5 |
| 3.1 | Current production | |
| 3.2 | Future production | |
| 4 | Notes on producing countries | 26 |
| 4.1 | Australia | 1 |
| 4.1.1 | AMAC Alloys | |
| 4.1.2 | GEO Specialty Chemical Inc. | |
| 4.2 | Bolivia | 1 |
| 4.2.1 | South American Silver Corp. | |
| 4.3 | Canada | 3 |
| 4.3.1 | Neo Performance Materials Ltd. | |
| 4.3.2 | Potential gallium projects | |
| 4.3.2.1 | China Minmetals Corp. | |
| 4.3.2.2 | Pacific Booker Minerals Inc. | |
| 4.3.2.3 | Strategic Metals Ltd. | |
| 4.3.2.4 | Great Western Minerals Group Ltd. | |
| 4.3.2.5 | AurCrest Gold (formerly Tribute Minerals Inc.) | |
| 4.3.2.6 | Zinccorp Resources Inc. | |
| 4.4 | China | 6 |
| 4.4.1 | Aluminium Corporation of China Limited | |
| 4.4.1.1 | Guangxi Branch | |
| 4.4.1.2 | Guizhou Branch | |
| 4.4.1.3 | Henan Branch | |
| 4.4.1.4 | Shandong Branch | |
| 4.4.1.5 | Shanxi Branch | |
| 4.4.2 | Beijing JiYa Semiconductor Material Co., Ltd. | |
| 4.4.3 | China Crystal Technologies Co., Ltd. | |
| 4.4.4 | East Hope mianchi Gallium Industry Co. | |
| 4.4.5 | Emei Semiconductor Material Factory & Institute | |
| 4.4.6 | Guangzhou Litop Non-ferrous Metals Co., Ltd | |
| 4.4.7 | MCP Jin Shu (Shenzen) Co Ltd | |
| 4.4.8 | Nanjing Jin Mei Gallium Ltd. | |
| 4.4.9 | Sichuan Western Minmetals Co., Ltd | |
| 4.4.10 | Sumika Electronic Materials (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | |
| 4.4.11 | Tianjin Jinbolan Fine Chemical Co., Ltd | |
| 4.4.12 | Yunnan Luoping Zinc & Electricity Co., Ltd | |
| 4.4.13 | Vital Specialty Materials | |
| 4.4.14 | Zhuhai Fangyuan | |
| 4.4.15 | Zijin Mining Group | |
| 4.5 | France | 1 |
| 4.5.1 | Azelis Electronics | |
| 4.6 | Germany | 2 |
| 4.6.1 | MCP HEK GmbH | |
| 4.6.2 | PPM Pure Metals GmbH | |
| 4.7 | Hungary | 1 |
| 4.7.1 | MAL Hungarian Aluminium Ltd. | |
| 4.8 | India | 1 |
| 4.8.1 | Hindalco Industries Limited | |
| 4.8.2 | National Aluminium Company Ltd. (NALCO) | |
| 4.8.3 | Vedanta Resources plc | |
| 4.9 | Japan | 4 |
| 4.9.1 | Dowa Electronics Materials Co., Ltd. | |
| 4.9.2 | Furukawa Denshi Co., Ltd. | |
| 4.9.3 | Nichia Corporation | |
| 4.9.4 | Nippon Rare Metal, Inc. | |
| 4.9.5 | Rasa Industries, Ltd. | |
| 4.9.6 | Sumitomo Metal Mining (SMM) | |
| 4.9.7 | Sumitomo Chemical | |
| 4.10 | Kazakhstan | 1 |
| 4.10.1 | Eurasian Natural Resources Corporation PLC | |
| 4.11 | Namibia | 1 |
| 4.11.1 | Emerging Metals Limited | |
| 4.12 | Netherlands | 1 |
| 4.12.1 | Umicore Precious Metals Refining | |
| 4.13 | New Zealand | 1 |
| 4.14 | Poland | 1 |
| 4.15 | Russia | 1 |
| 4.15.1 | Basel Cement | |
| 4.15.2 | Novosibirsk Integrated Tin Works | |
| 4.16 | Slovakia | 1 |
| 4.16.1 | CMK | |
| 4.17 | South Korea | 1 |
| 4.17.1 | Korea Zinc Company | |
| 4.18 | Ukraine | 1 |
| 4.18.1 | Nikolaev Alumina Refinery | |
| 4.18.2 | Business Partners CJSC | |
| 4.19 | UK | 1 |
| 4.19.1 | Mining & Chemical Products Ltd. | |
| 4.20 | USA | 3 |
| 4.20.1 | Neo Performance Materials Ltd. | |
| 4.20.2 | GEO Specialty Chemicals, Inc. | |
| 4.20.3 | Gallium Compounds LLC | |
| 4.20.4 | Gold Canyon Resources Inc. | |
| 4.20.5 | Nyrstar NV | |
| 5 | Gallium demand | 16 |
| 5.1 | Historic demand | |
| 5.1.1 | Japan | |
| 5.1.2 | USA | |
| 5.1.3 | China and Europe | |
| 5.2 | Current demand | |
| 5.3 | Future demand | |
| 5.3.1 | ICs (semi-insulating GaAs) | |
| 5.3.2 | LEDs (semiconducting GaAs and GaN) | |
| 5.3.2.1 | Display | |
| 5.3.2.2 | Lighting | |
| 5.3.2.3 | Photovoltaics | |
| 5.3.3 | Magnets | |
| 6 | Gallium in electronic devices | 5 |
| 6.1 | The advantages of gallium arsenide | |
| 6.1.1 | Speed | |
| 6.1.2 | Wide temperature range | |
| 6.2 | Gallium arsenide semiconductors | |
| 6.3 | Single crystal growth methods | |
| 6.3.1 | VGF: Vertical Gradient Freeze | |
| 6.3.2 | LEC: Liquid Encapsulated Czochralski | |
| 6.3.3 | CZ: Czochralski | |
| 6.4 | Deposition of epilayers | |
| 7 | Principal manufacturers and processors of gallium arsenide substrates | 11 |
| 7.1 | China | |
| 7.1.1 | China Crystal Technologies (CCT) | |
| 7.2 | Europe | |
| 7.2.1 | Germany | |
| 7.2.1.1 | Freiberger Compound Materials (FCM) | |
| 7.2.1.2 | Integrated Compound Semiconductors Ltd (ICS) | |
| 7.2.2 | Russia | |
| 7.2.2.1 | GIRMET Ltd | |
| 7.2.3 | Slovakia | |
| 7.2.3.1 | CMK Ltd | |
| 7.2.3.2 | Phostec s.r.o. | |
| 7.2.4 | UK | |
| 7.2.4.1 | Filtronic Compound Semiconductors Ltd. (FCS) | |
| 7.2.4.2 | IQE plc | |
| 7.2.4.3 | Wafer Technology Ltd | |
| 7.3 | Japan | |
| 7.3.1 | DOWA Electric Materials Co., Ltd. | |
| 7.3.2 | Furukawa Denshi Co., Ltd. | |
| 7.3.3 | Showa Denko | |
| 7.3.4 | Hitachi Cable | |
| 7.3.5 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd (SEI) | |
| 7.3.6 | Sumitomo Chemical | |
| 7.3.7 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | |
| 7.4 | Taiwan | |
| 7.4.1 | Procomp | |
| 7.4.2 | Semiconductor Wafer Inc. | |
| 7.4.3 | Giga Epitaxy Technology Corp. (GET) | |
| 7.4.4 | Millennium Communication Co. Ltd (M-Com) | |
| 7.4.5 | Arima Optoelectronics Corporation (AOC) | |
| 7.4.6 | Transcom | |
| 7.4.7 | WIN Semiconductors Corp. | |
| 7.4.8 | Advanced Wireless Semiconductor Company (AWSC) | |
| 7.4.9 | Visual Photonics Epitaxy Co., Ltd (VPEC) | |
| 7.5 | USA | |
| 7.5.1 | AXT, Inc. | |
| 7.5.2 | Galaxy Compound Semiconductors, Inc. | |
| 7.5.3 | IntelliEPI | |
| 7.5.4 | Kopin Corporation | |
| 7.5.5 | M/A-COM Technology Solutions Inc. | |
| 7.5.6 | MTI Corp. | |
| 7.5.7 | RF Micro Devices, Inc. (RFMD) | |
| 7.5.8 | Spire Corporation | |
| 8 | Principal markets for GaAs substrates | 15 |
| 8.1 | Semiconducting GaAs for optoelectronics | |
| 8.1.1 | Infrared emitting diodes (IREDs) | |
| 8.1.2 | Laser Diodes (LDs) | |
| 8.1.3 | Photodetectors | |
| 8.1.4 | Visible LEDs | |
| 8.2 | Semi-insulating GaAs for integrated circuits | |
| 8.2.1 | Digital ICs | |
| 8.2.2 | FETs | |
| 8.2.2.1 | MESFETs | |
| 8.2.2.2 | HEMTs | |
| 8.2.2.3 | pHEMTs | |
| 8.2.2.4 | mHEMTs | |
| 8.2.3 | MMICs | |
| 8.3 | Photovoltaic cells | |
| 9 | Gallium nitride | 7 |
| 9.1 | GaN Laser Diodes | |
| 9.2 | GaN LEDs | |
| 9.3 | Other developments in GaN-based devices | |
| 10 | Gallium antimonide | 1 |
| 11 | Gallium phosphide | 1 |
| 12 | Other competitive substrates | 2 |
| 12.1 | Indium phosphide | |
| 12.2 | Organic LEDs (OLEDs) | |
| 12.3 | Sapphire | |
| 12.4 | Silicon carbide | |
| 12.5 | Silicon germanium | |
| 13 | Other applications for gallium | 4 |
| 13.1 | Batteries | |
| 13.2 | Catalysis | |
| 13.3 | Dental lasers | |
| 13.4 | Fusible alloys | |
| 13.5 | Magnets | |
| 13.6 | Pharmaceuticals | |
| 13.7 | Ski waxes | |
| 13.8 | Other minor uses of gallium and gallium compounds | |
| 14 | Gallium prices and price trends | 4 |
| 14.1 | Future price trends |
Tables Listing
| Num | Title |
| 1 | Properties of gallium |
| 2 | Abundance of gallium |
| 3 | Indicative gallium content of GaAs wafer scrap |
| 4 | Estimated virgin gallium production capacity, end-2008 |
| 5 | Estimated virgin gallium capacity and forecast production, 2010 |
| 6 | Gallium recycling in Japan, 2005 to 2009 |
| 7 | Estimated secondary gallium capacity, 2010 |
| 8 | Japanese supply of gallium, 2004 to 2009 |
| 9 | CMK Gallium Recapture (4N), 2005 to 2009 |
| 10 | CMK Gallium Refining (6N), 2005 to 2009 |
| 11 | USA: Imports of gallium (scrap, unwrought and waste), 2004 to 2008 |
| 12 | Japanese demand for gallium by end use, 2003 to 2009 |
| 13 | USA Consumption of gallium by end use, 2004 to 2009 |
| 14 | Gallium-based compound semiconductors |
| 15 | Some major suppliers of GaAs substrates |
| 16 | GIRMET Ltd: Gallium-based semiconductor crystals and wafers |
| 17 | Hitachi Cable: Next-generation optical disk systems |
| 18 | AXT: High-performance compound and single element semiconductor substrates |
| 19 | Major Devices |
| 20 | Visible LEDs |
| 21 | Worlds biggest LED epitaxy manufacturers by revenue, 2008 to 2010 |
| 22 | IC Market Segments |
| 23 | Some solid-state devices (and their applications) to be found in MMICs |
| 24 | Commercial applications for GaAs MMICs |
| 25 | Worlds key GaAs foundries |
| 26 | Major SI GaAs epitaxial substrate suppliers |
| 27 | Worlds major GaAs device manufacturers |
| 28 | Relative cell efficiencies |
| 29 | Leading CIGS companies |
| 30 | semiconductor developers |
| 31 | GaN RF power device manufacturers etc |
| 32 | GaN epitaxial wafer providers |
| 33 | GaN substrate producers |
| 34 | GaN LED Applications |
| 35 | Leading GaN & InGaN LED suppliers |
| 36 | Indium Corporation of America: Fusible alloys |
| 37 | MCP Group: Eutectic gallium alloys |
Figures Listing
| Num | Title |
| 1 | Chalco: Gallium production, 2005 to 2009 |
| 2 | MAL: Gallium production, 2005 to 2009 |
| 3 | World: Demand for gallium, 2006 to 2009 |
| 4 | USA: Imports and apparent consumption of gallium, 2005 to 2010 |
| 5 | World: LED backlight market penetration, 2008 to 2015 |
| 6 | Illustration: Worldwide TV market by technology, 2004 to 2014 |
| 7 | World: Growth in LED displays, 2008 to 2015 |
| 8 | Illustration: Three crystal growth technologies |
| 9 | Visible LEDs |
| 10 | Characteristics comparison chart |
| 11 | Illustration: CIGS cell structure |
| 12 | Europe: Spot prices for gallium, 2000 to 2011 |
| 13 | USA: Average annual price for gallium, 2000 to 2010 |
| 14 | Europe: Spot prices for gallium, 2007 to 2011 |
Gallium: Global Industry Markets and Outlook, 8th Edition 2011
- Published 02/05/2011
- 108 pages, 37 tables and 14 figures.
- ISBN 978 0 86214 575 0
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